Driving mechanism



Jan. 14, 1930. D. c. KLAUsMl-:YER ET AL 1,743,460

` DRvNG MECHANISM Filed Aug.50, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet l Jan. 14, 1930. D.c. KLAUsMEYx-:R ET A1.

DRIVING MECHANISM Filed Aug.30. 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet '2 l ypartrinldicatedgin the following .description 30'j,and "in art renderedapparent therefrom in Patented Jan. 14;. 1936 UNITED STATES PATENT.OFFICE- navm c. xnausnmnm Nb rnonas I.. einsamer cntcnmarr. omo,assIaNoas 'ro 'ma cnercmxarrmcxroan Toor. cours or omo' e nnrvnm uApplication med August 30,

lThisinvention relates to reversing mechanisms of that type commonlyused in machine tools for giving to a driven shaft oppositely directedrotations from a uni-directionally rotatable drive shaft.

. The primary objectsof the invention are, to overcome certainstructural defects and mechanical difficulties of prior devicesof thisnature, such for example as those disclosed in United vStates patents toCarlton No.

1,598,581 and De Roo No. 1,623,236; vto provide an improved reversingvmechanism which ymore readily,'more accurately and moreeconomicallymaybemanufactured than said prior devices and'ffwlch bettermaybe adjusted to compensate'forwear; to provide improved means.mounting and actuating the clutchdefvies lid gears thereof; and ingeneral,to provide`=g.faf lI eyelvSing mechanism etterfadapted tqmeettheexacting requireeicisionjtools, `(such for example sin-'which a drillspindle neces- .f rotated in forward and reiorfsfrom a unidirectionallyro` arable g-r shaft), and one which win Operl ate .eicientlyzover greatperiods of time with- "29112: djustment, material wear or difliculty.

jQtl'ier;1=gbject`s and advantages will be in vconnect-1on" withftheannexed drawings. f To enableotliers skilled in the art so fully toaprehend the underlying features hereof that t 'ey may embody the same inthe vvarious ways contemplated b this invention, drawings depicting apre erred typical construction have been annexed-as a part of thisdisclosure and, in such drawings, like characters of reference denotecorresponding parts 40 throughout all the views, of which Figure 1 vis alongitudinal sectional View of a reversing mechanism embodying theresent invention.` Fig. 2 is a transverse section on the line 2-2 ofFig. 1. Fig. 3.is a 45 similar view onthe line 3-3 of Fig.v `1,`Fig. 4

NY, or'A om emitan, 0310,. conromfnon EcHANrsn'-j l l i ist?.,seimm.a1e,vszs. l

is a transverse sectionjon the -line 4 4 of Fig. 1 lookin in thedirection indicated by the arrows. ig..5 is' a detailed view ofalternate spacer members later to be referred to.

Referring more specifically to the drawings the invention is disclosedasembodied in a reversing mechanism comprising a frame or casing y1 which,when the invention is embodied in a radial drill, may be a portion ofthe translatable drill head. Extending throughthe casingl is a shaft 2havin a splinedconnection-with a sleeve `3 rotataly journaled inantifriction bearings LLand 5 supported by the f,r'a'me 1. `A secondshaft 6 also is journaled Vwithin the casing 1 and carries a bevel gear`7 permanently in mesh with ,similar gears 8 and 9 rotatably journaledcoaxial with'the sleeve 3, as later will be described. Clutch devices,designated generally as A and B areassociated with the gears f8 and 9respectively and serve to lock said gears to the sleeve, selectively toestablish a drivingconnection between the shafts 2 and 6 through thesleeve', gear 7 and either gear 8 or gear 9. lItis tobe understood thatpower may iow through thereversing mecha nism in either direction, or inother words either theshaft 2 or the shaft 6 may be the drive shaft, butfor convenience the shaft 2' will hereinafter be referred to as thedriveshaft and the shaft 6 as the driven shaft. The i shaft 2 correspondstothe arm shaft of a radial drill and the shaft 6 to the shaft which,thro'-gh suitable change gears rotates the drill spin e.'l

One feature of .this invention resides an improved driving connectionbetween the sleeve 3 and the shaft 2. Indevices of thisi- 'nature thesleeve necessarily is of considerable 'length y'and kheretofore it hastha' practice eitherv to provide a spl-ine connection' l; between Itheshaftand s'leevetheientir'e length i" ,of the sleeve als-,in the De R00patent 'or to spline the two 4together substantiallymidway between theends'ofthe spindlesasshowninthe facilitates manufacture.

Carltonpatent. Thefulllen hsptlineconnection is not essential for ecient operation and furthermore it is diilcult and costl to manufacture.The mid-way spline, suc as shewnin the Carlton patent, a so is diicultand costly to manufacture accurately,- due to itslocation. In accordancewith t isinvention we propose to form the splines within one end o y ofthe sleeve as shown at X in Fig. 1. Preferably this spline connectionwill be at the end of the sleeve nearest the point at which the shaft-2receives its power from a prime-mover when said shaft is the driver andat the end ofthe sleeve nearest the point where power is taken from theshaft 2 when power is flowing through the device in the oppositedirection andthe shaft 6 is the driver. yT his specific location of thespline connection not onlyv greatly facilitates manufacture but it alsoadds to the rigidity of the structure inasmuch as it reduces thedistance between the points at whichV power is received in the shaft 2and delivered therefrom, thereby proportionately reducing the twistingaction therein due to torque. -In Fig. 1 y represents the end of theshaft 2 to which power is aplplied by a prime mover and alsofro'm lwichpower maybe taken dependent upon which' way the power is flowingthrough the device. The exterior surfaceof the sleeve 3 is provided witha plurality of splines 10 and inasmuch as various elements must besecured to the sleeve at various points these splines preferably extendthe entire length of the sleeve between the bearings i and 5. This alsoUpon the sleeve 3 intermediate the clutches A and B there is-mounted abushing 11 having a cylindrical external surface upon which arerotatably journaled inwardly extending sleeve portions 13fforrn-ingparts of clutch cups a and b res ectively.- The gears 8 and 9 aresecured to t ese elements and are rotatable therewith coaxial with thesleeve 3.- vTo provide a balanced drive between the sleeve 3 and thebushing 11 the latter ispreferably formedwith a splined internal borewhich accurately fits the splined external surface of the sleeve.V Thebushing'may be of a single element or, for convenience of manufacture,it may consist of two complementa] portions as shown inFig.V 1.

The clutch devices A and B arel similar in construction and function andtherefore a detail description` of one will suiiice. Each of thesedevices comprises the clutch cup, before referred to, whichk forconvenience may bev termed the driven element, and a driving element carranged within the clutch 4cup.A` Intermediate thefdriving anddrivenelements of the clutch there are arranged two series of friction disksadapted when pressed together to eil'ect a drive from one element to theother. One series of disks, designated lthe member y,

-pressedV plunger 25 carrie with cylindrical portion fy upon which isysplined an annular member g provided' with v slots 19 within which arepivotally mounted, as by pins 20 clutch actuating levers 21 having atone end a ortion 21 adapted to be actedon by vsuita le cam elementslater to be described and havin their oppositev ends adapted to engagethe c utch rin 17' thereby to force .the friction disks Ainto rivintact., Spring pressed plungers 22,'carr1ed by act upont e levers 21normally to hold the levers 21 in retracted position whereby thel clutchdisks arenormally maintained inno-driving relation.

i Upon the cylindrical portion -f of the driving element c, andrearwardl` -of the member there is threaded'an adjustmgynut 23 whichears against'said member' g. By rotation of this nut the member' g andthe levers 21 carried thereby may be adjusted toward thering 17 tocompensate for wearon the levers and on their actuating cams.

nut is formed with a notches 24, two only o which are adapted `to be enPlurality of detent vwhich are shown, ged by a spring y the :annularmember g. Y

This invention also rovides simplified and improved means for ad) 9 tocompensate for wear therein. Surrounding the bushing 11 and intermediatethe adj acent inner ends of the sleeves 13x thereis arranged a spacermember'26'which may be of any required thickness roperly to mesh thegears 7-8 and 7 9. his member may be removed and replaced by a similarmember of less thickness, as shown in'Fig. 5, to permit the gears 8 and9 to be adjusted toward the axis of the gear 7.

Intermediate the driving and driven ele- 4 )usting the gears 8 andV p ly To prevent accidental rotation of the adjusting nut 23 thek ments cand aand c and b of the clutches there are arranged similar spacermembers 27 which limit outward movement of the clutch cups a and b andtheir attached gears 8 and 9. It is to be observed that the ends of thebushing 11 are spacedfrom the driving l y elements c sufcientlyto permitaxial adjust-V ment of the parts toward the gear 7. y

This invention also provides improved means for actuating the clutchdevicesA and B. This improved means comprises aplurality of bars 28slidingly fitted within ways 29 formed inthe sleeve 3. Each of these-bars is provided with a cam surface hadapted, upon lengthwise movementof the bars, in one direction, to engage the end 21a of one of thelevers 21 of the clutch A, and a cam 'i which, upon movement in theother direction engages the end 21a of one ofthe levers 21 of the clutchB. Each of the clutch actuating slidebars is provided with an enlargedhead portion 28Il which projects from the guideway 29. These headportions are fitted within an interior annular groove 30 formed in anannular member or spool 31 adapted to be shifted axially of the sleeveby any suitable means, such for example as that designated generally ast. Thus by shifting the spool 31 and the bars 28 to the left from theposition shown in Fig. l removal of the cams z from the levers 21 of theclutch B will cause clutch B to be released and thereafter engagement ofthe cams It with the levers 21 of clutch A will cause that clutch to berendered effective. Likewise subsequent movement of the parts to theright will similarly affect the clutches in the reverse order.

' Another feature of this invention is the arrangement by means of whichthe clutch actuating slide bars and the spool 31 are assembled.Extending outwardly from the annular groove 30 and through the side wallof the spool 31 (as shown in Figs. 1 and 2) 1s a portal 32 through whichthe heads 28h s uccessively may be inserted, the spool being given apartial rotation after the insertion of each head to bring the portaladjacent the next head. After all .of the heads have been inserted ascrew 33 is threaded into a radial aperture in the spool. The inner endof this screw projects into the annular groove 30 and, upon relativerotation between the spool 31 and the sleeve contacts with the heads ofeither of two adjacent slide bars thereby limiting the relative rotationto less than that reuired to place one of the heads adjacent thegller'portal. In Fig. 1 the screw 33 and the portal 32 are shown inalignment but it is to be understood that this is not essential as itmight be located elsewhere for example as shown in Fig. 2.

Without further analysis, the foregoing will so fully.reveal the gist ofthis invention that others can, by applying current knowledge, readilyadapt it for various utilizations by retaining one or more of thefeatures that, from the standpoint of the prior art, fairly -constituteessential characteristics of either the generic or specific aspects ofthis invention and, therefore, such adaptations should tatable drivinsleeve; a driven elementl rotatably journa ed co-axial with said sleeve;a disk clutch connected with said driven element and adapted toclutch-said element to said sleeve; a member surrounding said sleeveadjacent said clutch; a plurality of clutch closing levers mounted uponsaid member; a plurality of bars slidingly fitted within said sleeve andeach provided with a surface adapted, upon opposite movements of saidbars to shiftsaid levers alternately to close `and open said clutch; andmeans simultaneously to shift all of said bars.

2. A driving mechanism combining a rotatable sleeve; a gear rotatablyjournaled coaxial with said sleeve; a multiple disk clutch connectedwith said gear and ada ted to clutchsaid gear to said sleeve; a mem ersurrounding said sleeve adjacent said clutch; a plurality of clutchclosing levers mounted upon said member; a plurality of bars slidinglyfitted within'said sleeve and each provided with a surface adapted, uponopposite movemets of said bar, to shift said levers alternately to closeand open said clutch; and an annular member slidingly mounted u on saidsleeve and enga-ging all of said side llirs; and means to shift saidannular memr. 3. A driving mechanism combining a rotatable sleeve; agear rotatably j ournaled coaxial with said sleeve; a multiple diskclutch connected with said gear and' adapted to clutch said gear to saidsleeve; a member surrounding said sleeve adjacent said clutch; aplurality of clutch closing levers pivotally mounted upon said member;ielding means normally tending to hold sai levers retracted thereby tomaintain said clutch released;

a plurality of bars slidingly fitted within said'v sleeve and eachprovided with a cam surface adapted upon one movement of said bars, toshift said levers to close said clutch; means to shift said bars; andmeans to adjust said member and the levers carried thereby, axially ofsaid sleeve to compensate for wear in the parts.

4. A driving mechanism combining a rotatable driving sleeve; a drivenelement rotatably journaled co-axial with said sleeve; a clutch deviceconnected with said driven element and adapted to clutch it to saidsleeve; a plurality of pivotally mounted levers adjacent said clutch andadapt-ed, upon movement, to actuate said clutch; a plurality of barsslidingly fitted within said sleeve and each having a portion adapted toactuate a lever of said clutch'device, each of said bars being formedwith an enlarged head portion; an annular member slidingly mounted uponsaid sleeve 'and forme-d with an internal ani nular groove adapted toreceive the head portions of said bars, said annular member also beinprovided with a portal to admit said hea portions into said groove; andmeans to shift said annular member, and thereby said slide bars, toactuate said clutch.

5. A driving mechanism combining a rotatable drivin sleeve; a drivenelement ro- A tatshly journa d co-axial with said sleeve; a clatuhdeviceconnectedwith said driven element andadapted to clutch said element tosaid sleeve; a plurality of pivotally mounted fevenadiucent saidclutchand adapted, u on actuation. to actuate said clutch; a lura ity of barsslidingly fitted within said s eeve and each havin a portion adapted toactuate a lever of sai clutch device, each of said bars being formedwith an enlarved head portion; any annular member slidingtly mounteduponA said sleeve and formed with an internal annular groove adapted toreceive the head portions of said bars, said annular member also beinprovided with a portal to admit sald hea portions to be inserted intosaid groove; means, operative after said heads have been inserted, toprevent refristryof any of said heads with said porta thereby to preventsaid heads from escaping from said annular groove; and means to' shiftsaid annular member, and thereby said slide bars, to actul ate saidclutch.

. 6. The combination set forth in claim 5 in which the means to preventregistry of the heads of the bars with said ortalcomprises a stud,carried `b the annu ar member and extending into tlie annular groovebetween and driven clutch elements to lock the twd agamst relativerotation; clutch actuatin Sllde bars splined in said sleeve and 'ext ingthrough both of said clutchesand throu h v said bushing' a clutchactuating spool sh the head portions lof two adjacent slide bars, A

therebylimiting the relative rotation between the annular member and thesleeve.`

7. A driving mechanism combining a rotatable sleeve provided with. amu1ti-splined exterior surface; afbushin splined` tov said sleevevintermediate its en s and provided with a lcylindrical outer surface; ashaft splined within -said sleeve; a friction clutch mounted-coaxialwith said sleeve, ysaid clutch comprising a member splined to saidsleeve, a member rotatably -mounted on said bushing and means to locksaid members against relative rotation; clutchl actuating bars slidinglyfitted within slots formed in the exterior of said sleeve and engagingthe inner surface of said bushin and means to shift said bars to actuatesai clutch.

8. A reversible driving mechanism com` bining a casing; a sleeverotatably journaled in bearings supported by'said casing said sleevebeing formed with a multi-splined exterior extending substantially theentire length of the sleeve between said bearings; a

- bushing splined to the intermediate portion of the sleeve; a pair ofbevel gears and driven clutch elements rotatably. journaled on saidbushing; a third bevel gear meshing with f both of the pairof bevelgears and adapted lselectively to be driven in opposite directionsthereby;=driving clutch elements splinedto said sleeve beyond the endsof said bushing; means provided between each of said driving ablyvmounted on said sleeve and en gin 7 all of said slide bars; andv meansto Bai spoo f In witness whereof, we have hereunto subscribed our names.f u

DAVID C. KLAUSMEYEB. THOMAS LQGIBSON.

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